{"product_id":"late-onset-asthma-when-your-middle-class-comforts-trigger-a-chronic-lung-condition","title":"Late-Onset Asthma: When Your Middle-Class Comforts Trigger a Chronic Lung Condition","description":"\u003cp\u003eAt age 54, journalist Anna Maxted developed late-onset asthma after installing a wood-burning stove — a condition that experts say accounts for at least 20-30% of all new asthma cases. The article explores how environmental triggers like wood smoke and chlorinated swimming pools can unmask underlying asthma in midlife, particularly in women, and explains the key differences between allergic and non-allergic adult-onset asthma. With expert input from leading respiratory specialists, the piece covers the two physiological components of asthma, the complex relationship between female sex hormones and asthma risk, and practical strategies for managing the condition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch1\u003eLate-Onset Asthma: When Your Middle-Class Comforts Trigger a Chronic Lung Condition\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#ddn-key-points\"\u003eKey Points\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#background\"\u003eUnderstanding Late-Onset Asthma\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#author-story\"\u003eOne Woman's Experience: The Wood-Burning Stove Connection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#chlorine\"\u003eThe Swimming Pool Problem: Chlorine and Chloramines\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#components\"\u003eHow Asthma Works: Two Key Components\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#allergic\"\u003eAllergic vs. Non-Allergic Asthma: What's the Difference?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#statistics\"\u003eWho Gets Late-Onset Asthma? Key Statistics and Risk Factors\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#hormones\"\u003eThe Hormone Connection: Menopause, HRT, and Asthma\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#treatment\"\u003eTreatment Options and the Importance of Proper Inhaler Use\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#limitations\"\u003eWhat We Still Don't Know\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#recommendations\"\u003ePractical Recommendations for Patients\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#ddn-faq\"\u003eFrequently Asked Questions\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#source\"\u003eSource Information\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003c!-- ddn:keypoints:start --\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ddn-key-points\"\u003eKey Points\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLate-onset asthma accounts for at least 20-30% of new asthma cases and is often more severe than childhood onset.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWood smoke and chloramines in pools can trigger underlying asthma in adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdult-onset asthma is less often allergic, making triggers harder to identify.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHormone fluctuations during menopause, pregnancy, or HRT can unpredictably affect asthma.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUp to 80% of asthma patients use inhalers incorrectly; proper technique and spacers improve drug delivery.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- ddn:keypoints:end --\u003e\n\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"background\"\u003eUnderstanding Late-Onset Asthma\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAsthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in the UK and worldwide, according to Christopher Corrigan, emeritus professor of asthma, allergy and respiratory science at King's College London. While most people develop asthma early in life — and many grow out of it — a significant number experience it for the first time as adults.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\"Late-onset asthma probably forms about at least 20-30 per cent of all new asthma cases,\" says Professor Corrigan. This means that for roughly one in four to one in five people newly diagnosed with asthma, the condition begins in adulthood rather than childhood.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe author's story illustrates how sudden this onset can be. At 54, after living her whole life without asthma symptoms — even growing up in the 1970s surrounded by adults smoking — she suddenly found herself struggling to breathe. Her journey began with a seemingly innocuous lifestyle upgrade: a wood-burning stove installed last winter.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"author-story\"\u003eOne Woman's Experience: The Wood-Burning Stove Connection\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe author's family loved their new wood-burning stove. The heat and flickering glow felt \"hygge\" — the Danish term for a comforting quality of cosiness and contentment. But for her, the experience was anything but comfortable. \"It was as if the particulate was coating my lungs,\" she writes. When the stove was lit, she could barely sleep at night — her chest would ache and her heart would race. The family eventually stopped using it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eYet even after abandoning the stove, her symptoms persisted and worsened throughout the year. She felt increasingly short of breath, her chest remained tight and ached at night, and she couldn't exercise without wheezing. By mid-May, she was concerned enough to pay for a specialist consultation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe verdict: she was sensitive to air pollution, and the stove had brought out underlying asthma. She subsequently discovered that two female family members have asthma, and her GP prescribed a bronchodilator inhaler. But a puzzling question remained: why was her breathlessness worsening when the stove hadn't been used for six months?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProfessor Corrigan explains that when asthma develops for the first time in adulthood, \"there's a bigger suspicion that some sort of environmental evoking factor may be involved.\" For this patient, wood smoke from the new fire was a potential trigger. But there was another suspect: the local outdoor swimming pool (lido) where she swam regularly.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"chlorine\"\u003eThe Swimming Pool Problem: Chlorine and Chloramines\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eA doctor friend suggested that chlorine in the lido might be contributing to her symptoms. Through research, the author discovered that chlorine sensitivity is common and that, according to \u003cem\u003eSwimming World Magazine\u003c\/em\u003e, \"respiratory sensitivity to chlorine can lead to the development of other lung problems, including asthma.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eSymptoms of chlorine sensitivity include a consistent cough that seems to worsen at night, runny nose, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness or pain — all of which the author experienced, though her coughing was intermittent.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProfessor Corrigan confirms this connection. \"Chloramines in swimming pools has been recognised as a cause of occupational asthma in swimming pool workers — and it occasionally affects people who visit the pool regularly.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eChloramines, as the article explains, are compounds produced when chlorine reacts with ammonia — which can come from urine, oils, and disinfectants. With the lido full of children in summer, the exposure made sense. The author's son's girlfriend, who has swum the English Channel in relay, told her that many competitive swimmers develop asthma and \"just put up with it.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the author tested her theory by swimming two days in a row, the results were telling. On the first night, her chest was noticeably tight and wheezy. Then her nose started running and didn't stop — after the second swim, it dripped steadily \"like a leaky tap onto my pillow for eight hours.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis runny nose might seem like an allergy, but Professor Corrigan clarifies that it's not. \"It's a symptom of irritation of the lining of your airways... It's probably a symptom of the sensitivity of your respiratory tract, right from your nose to the bottom of your lungs, to an irritant.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"components\"\u003eHow Asthma Works: Two Key Components\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo understand what's happening in late-onset asthma, Professor Corrigan explains that the condition has two distinct components.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eComponent 1: Bronchial smooth muscle hyper-responsiveness.\u003c\/strong\u003e \"The muscles that make up your breathing tubes become twitchy and they contract in response to stimuli that wouldn't cause a non-asthmatic's airways to contract,\" he says. These stimuli include heavy exercise, breathing in smoke, or pollen exposure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eComponent 2: Inflammation and narrowing of the airway lining.\u003c\/strong\u003e \"The lining of the airways is usually thin and neat and leaves a big passage for the air to go through,\" Corrigan explains. \"In some people, when they breathe in certain things from the air, it irritates the lining of the airways and causes inflammation, and this inflammation not only narrows the diameter of the pipe that the air can go down, it also amplifies the effect of the contraction of the smooth muscle.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn other words, asthma is a double problem: the muscles around the airways constrict too easily, and the airway lining itself becomes swollen and narrowed — making it even harder for air to pass through.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"allergic\"\u003eAllergic vs. Non-Allergic Asthma: What's the Difference?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAsthma can be either allergic or non-allergic, says Dr Samantha Walker, director of research and innovation at the charity Asthma + Lung UK. \"What makes it allergic is the mechanism that's causing the symptoms.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAllergic asthma is caused by a specific mechanism involving the antibody immunoglobulin E (IgE). If you suspect an allergic trigger — such as cats, pollen, or dust mites — you can be tested to determine whether this is the case. Importantly, allergic asthma responds well to steroid treatment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, Dr Walker emphasizes that adult-onset asthma is different: \"Adult onset in either sex is less likely to be allergic, and so doesn't tend to be triggered by the things that usually trigger fluctuations in asthma like pollen and house dust mites. So avoiding triggers is much harder. It's also harder to control and often more severe.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eFor non-allergic asthma, the triggers are called \"nonspecific irritants\" rather than allergens. These include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFluctuations in hormones\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAir pollution\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eChlorine\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCigarette smoke\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDr Walker notes that allergy tests will come back negative in these cases because \"they don't trigger that pathway, but they lead to the same type of symptoms.\" The only way to identify the cause is by observing when your symptoms get worse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"statistics\"\u003eWho Gets Late-Onset Asthma? Key Statistics and Risk Factors\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProfessor Corrigan cites a 2013 paper by scientists at the University of Amsterdam, published in the \u003cem\u003eEuropean Respiratory Review\u003c\/em\u003e, which highlights several important findings about adulthood-onset asthma:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdulthood-onset asthma is often \u003cstrong\u003emore severe\u003c\/strong\u003e than childhood-onset asthma\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIt is \u003cstrong\u003e20 per cent more frequent in women than in men over age 35\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eRisk factors include \u003cstrong\u003erhinitis\u003c\/strong\u003e (inflammation of the nasal passages), \u003cstrong\u003eacute lower respiratory infections\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eobesity\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003estressful life events\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese statistics help explain why the author — a woman over 35 — found herself developing asthma despite having no prior history of the condition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"hormones\"\u003eThe Hormone Connection: Menopause, HRT, and Asthma\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the most striking findings from the 2013 study relates to hormones. The authors note: \"There is evidence that the incidence of asthma is decreased after menopause, whereas hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal females is associated with an increased risk of asthma onset, particularly in never-smokers.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis is particularly relevant for the author, who is a nonsmoker on hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The data raises a difficult question: should women on HRT stop taking it to reduce their asthma risk?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDr Walker says the evidence is contradictory. \"Some studies show that incidents of asthma go up post-menopausally, and other studies show it doesn't. We don't really know enough about whether or not when you're menstruating your sex hormones can show a degree of protection against asthma, which is why it gets worse post-menopausally, or whether your sex hormones while you're menstruating trigger asthma, which is why it would get better when you're menopausal.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe same unpredictability applies to pregnancy, she explains. Some women experience terrible asthma during pregnancy, while others find it \"miraculously better\" — only for symptoms to return after giving birth. Similarly, puberty can trigger asthma in unpredictable directions. \"It seems to be that the times of fluctuating hormones trigger something, but which direction it goes in is not always clear or predictable.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eImportantly, Dr Walker does not recommend abandoning HRT based on current evidence. \"There's not the evidence to suggest this is a reasonable approach.\" She emphasizes that after more than 30 years working in the asthma field, \"the vast majority of people with bad asthma that I meet are older women\" — highlighting the urgent need for more research into the relationship between female sex hormones and asthma.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"treatment\"\u003eTreatment Options and the Importance of Proper Inhaler Use\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOnce asthma is confirmed with a diagnostic test, Asthma + Lung UK outlines the standard treatment approach:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003col\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA preventer inhaler\u003c\/strong\u003e — containing a low dose of steroid medicine to keep inflammation in the airways down. This is considered the main way to treat asthma.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eA reliever inhaler\u003c\/strong\u003e — containing medicine that relaxes the muscles in the airways for immediate symptom relief.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eTreatments may differ depending on individual symptoms. In the author's case, her GP was reluctant to prescribe a preventer inhaler because her asthma is mild. However, she found her reliever inhaler wasn't terribly effective when she was breathless.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProfessor Corrigan's advice: \"Make sure you know exactly how to use it properly. I'm a big fan of puffers and spacers.\" Spacers are devices that help you breathe the medicine into your lungs properly — a crucial point, because research by King's College London has found that \u003cstrong\u003eup to 80 per cent of asthma patients don't use their inhaler correctly\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis startling statistic means that most patients may not be getting the full benefit of their medication, regardless of which inhaler they've been prescribed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"limitations\"\u003eWhat We Still Don't Know\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe article acknowledges several important gaps in current medical knowledge about late-onset asthma:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThe hormone question remains unresolved.\u003c\/strong\u003e Studies conflict on whether menopause increases or decreases asthma risk, and the role of HRT is still poorly understood.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWhy some people develop asthma in adulthood and others don't\u003c\/strong\u003e is not fully explained by environmental triggers alone — there appear to be genetic and other susceptibility factors at play.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eThe relationship between sex hormones and asthma across different life stages (puberty, pregnancy, menopause) is unpredictable and requires more research.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eNon-allergic asthma is inherently harder to manage because the triggers are nonspecific irritants that are difficult to avoid entirely.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDr Walker notes that despite three decades of research, \"the vast majority of people with bad asthma that I meet are older women\" — a pattern that remains inadequately explained and under-investigated.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendations\"\u003ePractical Recommendations for Patients\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the expert insights in this article, here are key takeaways for anyone experiencing similar symptoms or managing late-onset asthma:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003col\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIdentify your triggers by paying attention to patterns.\u003c\/strong\u003e Dr Walker advises that the only way to work out the cause of non-allergic asthma is by considering when your symptoms get worse. The author's own experience — worsening symptoms after swimming — helped confirm the chlorine connection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConsider environmental exposures.\u003c\/strong\u003e Wood-burning stoves, chlorinated pools, air pollution, and cigarette smoke are all potential nonspecific irritants. If you notice symptoms after exposure, avoid the trigger where possible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDon't stop HRT without speaking to your doctor.\u003c\/strong\u003e Current evidence doesn't support quitting HRT as an asthma management strategy, but this is an important conversation to have with your healthcare provider.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLearn to use your inhaler correctly.\u003c\/strong\u003e With up to 80% of patients using inhalers improperly, ask your doctor or asthma nurse to demonstrate the technique. Consider using a spacer device to improve medication delivery.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSeek a diagnostic test.\u003c\/strong\u003e If you suspect asthma, ask for proper testing rather than self-diagnosing. Once confirmed, the right treatment plan can be established.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBe aware that adult-onset asthma may be more severe.\u003c\/strong\u003e Adult-onset asthma is often harder to control and less likely to respond to standard allergy triggers like pollen and dust mites, so working closely with your healthcare team is essential.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFor mild asthma, discuss whether a preventer inhaler is right for you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Even mild symptoms deserve proper management to prevent worsening over time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe author's personal experience offers a final note of hope: after avoiding chlorinated pools for four weeks, she found herself breathing a little easier. While she agrees with Dr Walker that \"asthmatics deserve better\" options, this simple environmental change made a meaningful difference. For those with late-onset asthma, identifying and addressing triggers — from wood-burning stoves to swimming pools — can be a crucial first step toward better respiratory health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003c!-- ddn:faq:start --\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"ddn-faq\"\u003eFrequently Asked Questions\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eWhat is late-onset asthma and how common is it?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLate-onset asthma first appears in adulthood, not childhood. Experts estimate it makes up at least 20-30% of all new asthma cases. It can be more severe and harder to control than childhood asthma, often triggered by nonspecific irritants like air pollution, chlorine, or smoke.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCan a wood-burning stove or swimming pool trigger asthma in adults?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes. Wood smoke and chloramines in pools are recognized irritants. In one woman's case, a new stove brought out underlying asthma. Chloramine exposure is also a known cause of occupational asthma in pool workers and can affect regular swimmers. Avoiding such triggers may improve symptoms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eWhat is the difference between allergic and non-allergic asthma?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAllergic asthma involves the antibody IgE and is triggered by things like pollen, cats, or dust mites, and responds well to steroids. Non-allergic asthma is triggered by nonspecific irritants such as chlorine, pollution, smoke, or hormone changes. Allergy tests are usually negative for it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eShould I stop hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to reduce asthma risk?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent evidence does not support stopping HRT solely to reduce asthma risk. Studies on menopause and asthma are contradictory, so the relationship remains unclear. Discuss any concerns with your doctor before making changes. HRT may increase risk in some post-menopausal women, but more research is needed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eWhy is using an inhaler correctly so important?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch from King's College London found up to 80% of asthma patients use their inhaler incorrectly. Using it poorly reduces medicine delivery to the lungs. Proper technique, possibly with a spacer device, ensures the medication reaches airways effectively. Ask your asthma nurse for a demonstration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHow can I identify what triggers my adult-onset asthma?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePay attention to patterns. Note when symptoms worsen—for example, after swimming, exposure to smoke, or air pollution. Nonspecific irritants are hard to avoid, so recognizing them is key. The article's author found chlorine aggravated her asthma after swimming two days in a row.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMy late-onset asthma symptoms aren't improving with my inhaler — when should I seek a second opinion?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdult-onset asthma is often more severe and harder to control than childhood-onset asthma, and it is frequently non-allergic, triggered by irritants such as wood smoke and chlorine. If your symptoms persist despite using your inhaler correctly, or if you are unsure whether your current treatment—such as a reliever inhaler alone—is adequate, a second opinion can help. Up to 80% of asthma patients use inhalers improperly, so technique review matters. A specialist may also assess whether a preventer inhaler, the mainstay of asthma treatment, is appropriate for you. Diagnostic Detectives Network provides independent expert second opinions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- ddn:faq:end --\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 id=\"source\"\u003eSource Information\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOriginal article title:\u003c\/strong\u003e Late-onset asthma made me allergic to my middle-class lifestyle\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/strong\u003e Anna Maxted\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublication:\u003c\/strong\u003e The Times, Tuesday August 22, 2023\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpert contributors:\u003c\/strong\u003e Christopher Corrigan, Emeritus Professor of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science at King's College London; Dr Samantha Walker, Director of Research and Innovation at Asthma + Lung UK (asthmaandlung.org.uk)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey study referenced:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2013 paper by scientists at the University of Amsterdam, published in the European Respiratory Review, on adulthood-onset asthma characteristics and risk factors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e This patient-friendly article is based on peer-reviewed research and expert commentary originally published in The Times. Always consult your healthcare provider for personal medical advice.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DiagnosticDetectives.Com","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47471121465500,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/diagnosticdetectives.com\/zh\/products\/late-onset-asthma-when-your-middle-class-comforts-trigger-a-chronic-lung-condition","provider":"DiagnosticDetectives.Com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}